<HTML>
<HEAD>
<TITLE>FW: [IRP] US Stop Online Piracy Act (SOPA) proposal</TITLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY>
<FONT FACE="Calibri, Verdana, Helvetica, Arial"><SPAN STYLE='font-size:11pt'>FYI<BR>
<BR>
Ian Peter<BR>
<BR>
------ Forwarded Message<BR>
</SPAN></FONT><BLOCKQUOTE><FONT FACE="Calibri, Verdana, Helvetica, Arial"><SPAN STYLE='font-size:11pt'><B>From: </B>Cynthia Wong <<a href="cynthia@cdt.org">cynthia@cdt.org</a>><BR>
<B>Date: </B>Tue, 15 Nov 2011 16:05:51 -0500<BR>
<B>To: </B><<a href="irp@lists.internetrightsandprinciples.org">irp@lists.internetrightsandprinciples.org</a>><BR>
<B>Subject: </B>[IRP] US Stop Online Piracy Act (SOPA) proposal<BR>
<BR>
</SPAN></FONT></BLOCKQUOTE><FONT FACE="Calibri, Verdana, Helvetica, Arial"><SPAN STYLE='font-size:11pt'><BR>
</SPAN></FONT><BLOCKQUOTE><FONT FACE="Calibri, Verdana, Helvetica, Arial"><SPAN STYLE='font-size:11pt'>Dear colleagues,<BR>
<BR>
As some of you are aware, a new copyright enforcement bill, SOPA (H.R. 3261) <<a href="http://www.govtrack.us/congress/billtext.xpd?bill=h112-3261">http://www.govtrack.us/congress/billtext.xpd?bill=h112-3261</a>> has been introduced in the U.S. that could greatly harm freedom of expression, access to knowledge, and privacy globally. <BR>
<BR>
For a summary of the bill and a list of concerns, see CDT's briefing paper here: <a href="http://www.cdt.org/paper/sopa-summary">http://www.cdt.org/paper/sopa-summary</a><BR>
And blog post here: <a href="http://www.cdt.org/blogs/david-sohn/2710house-copyright-bill-casts-dangerously-broad-net">http://www.cdt.org/blogs/david-sohn/2710house-copyright-bill-casts-dangerously-broad-net</a><BR>
<BR>
I've also copied a shorter summary in text below. <BR>
<BR>
CDT is compiling all the blog posts and other writing that has been done on SOPA, which we are passing onto policymakers in the U.S. You can see the current list here: <a href="http://cdt.org/report/growing-chorus-opposition-stop-online-piracy-act">http://cdt.org/report/growing-chorus-opposition-stop-online-piracy-act</a><BR>
<BR>
<B>If you have also written about concerns on the potential impact of SOPA on human rights, civil liberties, or economic innovation and would like your voice added to the list we're sending to Congress, please get in touch with me -- we would love to add them to the list. <BR>
</B><BR>
In addition, if you want to know more about the proposed law, please feel free to get in touch. CDT believes this bill could have impact far beyond the U.S.'s borders. Two letters signed by a broad range of civil society groups will be presented to Congress tomorrow, in time for a hearing being held on the bill. You can read them here <<a href="https://www.accessnow.org/page/-/docs/SOPAletterfromIntcommunity-final.pdf">https://www.accessnow.org/page/-/docs/SOPAletterfromIntcommunity-final.pdf</a>> and here <<a href="http://cdt.org/letter/public-interest-letter-against-sopa">http://cdt.org/letter/public-interest-letter-against-sopa</a>> <BR>
<BR>
Best regards,<BR>
<BR>
Cynthia Wong<BR>
<BR>
</SPAN></FONT><FONT SIZE="1"><FONT FACE="Helvetica, Verdana, Arial"><SPAN STYLE='font-size:9pt'>//<BR>
Cynthia M. Wong<BR>
Director, Global Internet Freedom Project<BR>
Center for Democracy & Technology<BR>
<BR>
<B>CDT</B> • 1634 I Street NW • Suite 1100 • Washington, DC 20006<BR>
<B>E</B> <a href="cynthia@cdt.org">cynthia@cdt.org</a> <B>P</B> +1-202-407-8835 <B>F</B> +1-202-637-0968<BR>
<BR>
Keeping the Internet Open, Innovative & Free!<BR>
<BR>
Follow our work on Twitter @CenDemTech @cynthiamw<BR>
<BR>
<BR>
<BR>
</SPAN></FONT></FONT><FONT FACE="Calibri, Verdana, Helvetica, Arial"><SPAN STYLE='font-size:11pt'><BR>
You can read the full text of the bill here <<a href="http://www.govtrack.us/congress/billtext.xpd?bill=h112-3261">http://www.govtrack.us/congress/billtext.xpd?bill=h112-3261</a>> . <BR>
<BR>
<B><U>Summary of relevant sections of SOPA</U></B>:<BR>
<BR>
<B>Section 102 allows the government to impose new obligations on a range of intermediaries to block access to sites that facilitate criminal copyright infringement<BR>
</B></SPAN></FONT><UL><LI><FONT FACE="Calibri, Verdana, Helvetica, Arial"><SPAN STYLE='font-size:11pt'>Section 102 defines new actions that may be brought by the U.S. Attorney General against a “foreign infringing site” or portion thereof. “Foreign infringing sites” are websites that commit or “facilitate” commission of criminal copyright or trademark infringement.
</SPAN></FONT><LI><FONT FACE="Calibri, Verdana, Helvetica, Arial"><SPAN STYLE='font-size:11pt'>The A.G. can bring an action either against the operator of such a website, or in rem against the site itself or its domain name. The court can then order the site to cease and desist further activity as a foreign infringing site.
</SPAN></FONT><LI><FONT FACE="Calibri, Verdana, Helvetica, Arial"><SPAN STYLE='font-size:11pt'>Once a court has issued an order, the A.G. can serve a copy on any of several intermediaries, who must take action specified in the bill within five days:<BR>
</SPAN></FONT><UL><LI><FONT FACE="Calibri, Verdana, Helvetica, Arial"><SPAN STYLE='font-size:11pt'>ISPs must comply with an open ended blocking order (whatever is “technically feasible and reasonable”), including but not limited to DNS blocking;
</SPAN></FONT><LI><FONT FACE="Calibri, Verdana, Helvetica, Arial"><SPAN STYLE='font-size:11pt'>search engines must take measures designed to prevent the site (or portion thereof) from being served as links;
</SPAN></FONT><LI><FONT FACE="Calibri, Verdana, Helvetica, Arial"><SPAN STYLE='font-size:11pt'>payment networks (credit card companies, Paypal, etc.) must take measures designed to prevent transactions between the site and U.S. customers;
</SPAN></FONT><LI><FONT FACE="Calibri, Verdana, Helvetica, Arial"><SPAN STYLE='font-size:11pt'>ad networks must take measures designed to stop serving ads on the site or for the site, and to stop receiving payments from the site. <BR>
</SPAN></FONT></UL><LI><FONT FACE="Calibri, Verdana, Helvetica, Arial"><SPAN STYLE='font-size:11pt'>The A.G. can bring actions against these intermediaries to compel compliance.
</SPAN></FONT><LI><FONT FACE="Calibri, Verdana, Helvetica, Arial"><SPAN STYLE='font-size:11pt'>Finally, the A.G. can bring an action to stop anyone who provides tools to circumvent the intermediary measures SOPA requires. <BR>
</SPAN></FONT></UL><FONT FACE="Calibri, Verdana, Helvetica, Arial"><SPAN STYLE='font-size:11pt'><BR>
<B>Section 103 creates a private notice-and-cutoff system that allows private parties to target a website’s financial resources if the website does not monitor for infringement<BR>
</B></SPAN></FONT><UL><LI><FONT FACE="Calibri, Verdana, Helvetica, Arial"><SPAN STYLE='font-size:11pt'>Section 103 codifies a private notice-and-cutoff system that allows a rightsholder to demand that payment and ad networks stop doing business with any site that the rightsholder believes is “dedicated to theft of U.S. property.” Such websites include any sites that take “deliberate actions to avoid confirming a high probability” of infringing activity.
</SPAN></FONT><LI><FONT FACE="Calibri, Verdana, Helvetica, Arial"><SPAN STYLE='font-size:11pt'>If the intermediary does not cease business with the site, either based on its own judgment or because it receives a counter-notice from the site, the rightsholder can then initiate a private action similar to the A.G. action above.
</SPAN></FONT><LI><FONT FACE="Calibri, Verdana, Helvetica, Arial"><SPAN STYLE='font-size:11pt'>If an intermediary still does not comply, the court may issue an order to show cause why the intermediary should not be ordered by the court to comply and possibly to pay “an appropriate monetary sanction.”<BR>
</SPAN></FONT></UL><FONT SIZE="1"><FONT FACE="Helvetica, Verdana, Arial"><SPAN STYLE='font-size:9pt'><BR>
<BR>
</SPAN></FONT></FONT><FONT FACE="Calibri, Verdana, Helvetica, Arial"><SPAN STYLE='font-size:11pt'>Our concerns are many, but the most serious include the following:<BR>
</SPAN></FONT><UL><LI><FONT FACE="Calibri, Verdana, Helvetica, Arial"><SPAN STYLE='font-size:11pt'>CDT remains opposed to the bill’s ISP blocking provisions. The DNS-blocking required will be trivial to circumvent, potentially quite overbroad in its impact on lawful expression, is inconsistent with key cybersecurity initiatives, and sets a dangerous international precedent for Internet blocking. SOPA goes beyond the DNS-filtering proposed in the Protect IP Act, imposing a broader, open-ended blocking obligation on ISPs.
</SPAN></FONT><LI><FONT FACE="Calibri, Verdana, Helvetica, Arial"><SPAN STYLE='font-size:11pt'>The definition of the sites that the U.S. government can bring actions against sweeps far too broadly. Even innocent sites may be found to "facilitate" infringement and thus find themselves caught up in enforcement actions. A video-sharing site with thousands of innocent users sharing their own non-infringing videos, but a small minority using the site to criminally infringe, could find its domain blocked by in the U.S.
</SPAN></FONT><LI><FONT FACE="Calibri, Verdana, Helvetica, Arial"><SPAN STYLE='font-size:11pt'>Similarly, the definition of sites that may be subject of private actions is dramatically overbroad, in ways that could create de facto monitoring obligations for websites. Any rightsholder could cut off the financial lifeblood of user-generated content sites unless those sites actively monitor and police user activity to the rightsholder’s satisfaction.
</SPAN></FONT><LI><FONT FACE="Calibri, Verdana, Helvetica, Arial"><SPAN STYLE='font-size:11pt'>The private action provision risks creating unprecedented incentives for user-driven sites to implement elaborate user-monitoring systems to "confirm" whether individual users are infringing. These and other sites have flourished under current protections from intermediary liability in U.S. law, which expressly reject a general obligation to actively track and police user behavior. Creating incentives to perform such burdensome monitoring (or risk losing financial means of support) would be hugely damaging to free expression and user privacy. <BR>
</SPAN></FONT></UL><FONT FACE="Helvetica, Verdana, Arial"><SPAN STYLE='font-size:12pt'><BR>
</SPAN></FONT><FONT FACE="Calibri, Verdana, Helvetica, Arial"><SPAN STYLE='font-size:11pt'><BR>
<BR>
<BR>
<BR>
<HR ALIGN=CENTER SIZE="3" WIDTH="95%"></SPAN></FONT><FONT SIZE="2"><FONT FACE="Consolas, Courier New, Courier"><SPAN STYLE='font-size:10pt'>_______________________________________________<BR>
IRP mailing list<BR>
<a href="IRP@lists.internetrightsandprinciples.org">IRP@lists.internetrightsandprinciples.org</a><BR>
<a href="http://lists.internetrightsandprinciples.org/listinfo.cgi/irp-internetrightsandprinciples.org">http://lists.internetrightsandprinciples.org/listinfo.cgi/irp-internetrightsandprinciples.org</a><BR>
</SPAN></FONT></FONT></BLOCKQUOTE><FONT SIZE="2"><FONT FACE="Consolas, Courier New, Courier"><SPAN STYLE='font-size:10pt'><BR>
------ End of Forwarded Message<BR>
</SPAN></FONT></FONT>
</BODY>
</HTML>